Form:     ien [PN]

•   1. a relative pronoun used only with the object of SE. What follows ien renames, elaborates, or describes the object of SE, and can be a full clause that122  

• Example Sentences:

• iēlte teteñ anþēŋŋeni ien la ma pa antāken anānexa makēñ;
  Once long ago they had an argument over who had the most strength.
  

• te janaren ja temle ien illaniþ tema ien ñi sāen marō tō te jāo ewaþ tema jawōla to jaþīña illaniþ tema ien ñi sāen marō il tema jekīþa ien ē rēha la jalōna wījte jē nā rū xō rā annāmmi hi ñamma jatōna japōññe;
  All he said to me: when first he perceived he was lost, because that it was even though he doubted his path, when first he perceived he was lost, he was certain that there were only three days from there to fresh water, if he found the road.
  

• te ien la jaxūna pa anwōra sū jasāma jamāxxānwe jawīwa ōl sū jañūna ēnne jakōna āñ;
  It seemed to be a pattern of emptiness on top of the bare wide plain of the desert between two lines of pebbles.
  

• temle jaþēma ien la jasāma nāra ñe jamāxxānwe ē pa jakōni ī pa anλāon nāpie ī pa jaxūna wā;
  He described to me that the whole desert was like a vast expanse of gravel, and too much width, and no pattern.
  

• kexien tema jaxiēna ien ē rēha la jalōna wījte rā annāmmi ī te māniþa sū jahāttam ōl nīkan anhāri jānnara sū japiēþi jakīwi mē;
  Here, he understood that there was three days to fresh water and also he was alone atop a camel, with a quantity of water in skin containers.
  

• il ñi jaraxēwa il ñamma jaxōsa jōrre ānen antūtte wā il aþ ñi sāen maxēie il tema jaxiēna ien il ñi jānnalon jānne il ñamma jatōna japōññe rēha;
  Night came, and he stopped searching without willingness and went to sleep with the certainty that come morning he would find the road.
  

• il ñi sāen marēwa il ē tema jahēŋŋūn nā ñe jatarōñ ja tema ōrra aþ tema jaxiēna ien ñamma jatōna japōññe anniþen hēja cī;
  When he awoke, he was thirstier that he had foreseen and understood that he must immediately find the road.
  

• kexien tema jekīþa ien la þō jatarūni jawēhi tō tema jatēla ien la þō jalmēsa sū sōssirja pa anhāri wā ewaþ ñi sāen rājanō;
  Of course, he knew these were mirages because he knew this part of Sōssirja has no water, yet he followed.
  

• tema jekīþa ien la þō jatarūn jawēha to ja ñi honnarien ankēji rājamē rūjēmma rā anlāīñi jakīnte tā;
  He knew that this was a mirage from all the ways that the sky came into it and out of it and went under the base of the hills.
  

• ē tema jāŋŋeren to jamāonre jalū sū jēwāri āñ ānen anlūi rū jasōþa wā mo sanārme ien ñe wā tema to anlūani to anexīmi to anxōni to ankīri mo sanārme aþ ñi sapāla sū anxūri hāl sū jēwāri nū;
  The beauty from the city shining among the lakes with light from nowhere affected him like neither the stars nor music nor memory nor family had affected him and he wept in front of the gates beside the lakes.
  

• tema jaxiēna ien ñamma jacērja āl;
  He knew what he was choosing.
  

• wā texe jawōla mo mawae ien la sāen makerāon jē sarāpa;
  Not a one of them has doubt that he is the king of sarāpa.
  

• ē tele jaxiēna ē te jāo mo manahan to anrēli antōrji ankēra cēja ien se anīlñē to anxārrāonīki anōmen jatamōl jatāsa to jārranisse jānnara ja se ānen annāpre honahan wā mo manārmi mamārwi ja se jāonte ānen anānranne anōna to anwēlri tēna jakāxte to jaλāon;
  I knew - but anyone could have sensed it in the magic of that serene breathing - that the period was governed by the square root of the length of the wire and by pi, that number which, however irrational to sublunar minds, through a higher rationality binds the circumference and diameter of all possible circles.
  

• ī tele jaxiēna ien se jatāten ñe anrā anēspe mo jañiwēλa jalāmena sū jecāora jajūna to jalāīke jawūxxēta sū jakīnte jāña tā;
  I also knew that a magnetic device centred in the floor beneath issued its command to a cylinder hidden in the heart of the sphere, thus assuring continual motion.
  

• se jāo mo jarūsīssīke anxāona to jalāīke þō ien anaŋŋāta wā alxien ien anerēλa tō sū antawōri āñ ñi anrūsīsse tō jelūra janahan sū anxārrāonīki ānen ē antūma ē anλāonīke ē anūra anejēxa ē anñākke wā ilnaren;
  This device, far from interfering with the law of the Pendulum, in fact permitted its manifestation, for in a vacuum any object hanging from a weightless and unstretchable wire free of air resistance and friction will oscillate for eternity.
  

• ñi liēn matāra lā; sele jacē ien ñi masērre cī;
  I've fallen down! [Someone] help me stand up.
  

• tema jajēra mo sarōña ien ñatta ā λi tāpon mīsi;
  He saw the game that Tapon's children were playing.
  

• sele jalōþen ien āl sele jekīþa ien ñi jajēri jahīji þō lā;
  I am shocked to now know that games of chance are happening here!
  

• tō la mēli manaren tēna ñe anhēnārīki anīλi jañāona jañēie tō pa ñēim tēna ē lenārre ē lewēren tō jāo hēja senneñ anēla anciēri ke mān mo mīþa ien sexe mo maþūskīri mo sāim maþūskīriēma cī;
  Because of all people each one is an equal thread in society's cloth, and because we each of us have soul and identity, therefore we should give each of us the one to the other personhood's courtesies like those that are given to one's weft-kin and to their weft-kin.
  

• sele jakīñen ien ansōha;
  I crave silence.
  

• sema jakēnnā to jasēlki jatūi;
  She is curious about flying machines.
  

• selesse lelāñ ien jakīñi jahānti;
  Thanks to all for the good wishes.
  

• se jaþēma ien la sāeþ sasōna jānīke;
  It seems that they are of one mind.
  

• se jaþēma ien pa jāo anwāra nā;
  It seems that it is very easy.
  

• sanna jasāla ien jaþīña ja senne to anrēha rā ancāna;
  We sing the song that is the path to love that the future gives us.
  

• sele jakīña ien ñi jatēnnīke ja pa liēr;
  I wish that we were joined in marriage.
  

• sere jakīña ien ñi jatēnnīke ja pa liēr kēñ;
  You wish that we were joined in marriage?
  

• wā pa riēn ancē ja serle ien jasōra wījtē ja la lewēra lā;
  You do not have the ability to tell me the three words of my name!
  

• temme ke λi tānre ien pa liēn ancē ja selre ien jasōra wījtē ja la riwēra;
  Tānre said to her: I have the ability to tell you the three words of your name.
  

• serle jerrasōr ien jakēñ;
  What is your reply to me?
  

• selre jerrasōr ien jāo;
  My reply to you is this.
  

• ñamma jōrre ewaþ luhañen temme ke λi tānre ien sere jatañēn ien jāo kēñ;
  She stopped but Tānre continued to say to her: you like this?
  

• sele jakīña ien jatēneni;
  I want topics.
  

• temme ē jaþēλi ien jakā ānen ansāorīki ien jaxūna ānen anrūēli ī xiēn jē jāxīsse jīlke ī jāo ja la sūjatā ē jāo sūjōl ien jiēxa ānen jasēsi ī jōrrisi ē jatatēn ien ñi jīlkena cē jaþārre ōrra ē jawāññerāñi jīþi nā ī;
  He taught the usage of consonants, the pattern of vowels, and concerning the writing line and that which is above and that below; the usefulness of dots and end-marks, and explained 'c' becoming leaning, and many other mysteries also.
  

• setesse jatasēña ien sasēsse jasēsi jasēñi;
  They warned them (about) harmful kidney spots.
  

• semme jerrasōr ke mīña ien senne jatēpa to wā senne jekīþa ilwae ien la sū jalāe īr;
  The little one replied, "We are lacking from never knowing from experience what is behind the mountain."
  

• luhañen selirte ien tele mo lerōña ien ñi mārja rāēlkie;
  I am always saying I saw the ārja go south.
  

• sele jatēla ien wā ñarra jañānen jē mañēie;
  I know you did not meet with the same one."
  

• sere mo rirōña ien ñi mēli rāēlkie ānen jahēra;
  You saw people going south in a ship.
  

• sele jatēla ien ñamma mālte ā manahan;
  I know someone healed her."
  

•   2. a relative pronoun used only with the object of SE. ien functions as a quotative marker when the object of SE refers to speech or when no object is expressed QUOT122  

• Example Sentences:

• ē teteñ ien hēja ñanna jacālmi jajūti nā aþ te sāim nīkan jacālmi ñe jakīþi aþ te sāim nīkan ancēwri ñe anhērmi;
  And they said to each other: We should bake many bricks; and then they had bricks as stone and they had mud as mortar.
  

• ē teteñ ien hēja ñanna jamāonre nīkan jakōnōr ja ñi jōl rā anīstīli;
  And they said to each other: We should make a city with a tower that reaches to the heavens.
  

• ē teteñ ien hēja ñanna lewēra tō tūaþ wā ñi ñēim makkepōlien rā anmārwi āñ pēxa;
  And they said to each other: We should make our name so that we do not become scattered throughout the world.
  

• il tamma ien ē pa mēli anānīke ī pa sāim antaxōni ān tēna ī la ankāe ancēji ja ñatta rēha pa jāo jānne;
  Then He said: the people are united and they have only one language and of the deeds they can do, this is the beginning!
  

• il tamma ien rēha ñatta janahan ja se jaþēŋŋe jacē lā;
  Then He said: they will do anything that they can propose!
  

• il tamma ien ē ñi liēn rā āke aþ ñalla anwaxāon tō tūaþ ñi anxiēna nīkamma sāim ankewōra cī;
  Then He said: And I will go there and I will make confusion so that the understanding among them is finished.
  

• teteñ anñēīki ien la ma pa antāken anānexa ma ñamma jalūra rū marāona pēxa cēja;
  They agreed that he would have more strength who could have the wanderer remove his cloak.
  

• tō jāo temme jalerāen ien la malō pa antāken anānexa ke mūrāna masīrien;
  So, the north wind admitted that the sun had the most strength.
  

• temle ien il talōnti nā il ñi sāen rā sōssirja il antielen wā ñi rū xō jē nāra;
  He said to me: It was many yesterdays ago when he came to Sōssirja, afterwards he never went from it.
  

• temle ien tō wā sema jatañēn to jakāe ja ñi sū japāŋŋien tō jāo ōrra ñi sāen rū āke;
  He said to me: He did not like the doings in the homeland, so he went from there.
  

• wā temle ien ew ñamma jamāra tō honahan ew ñamma sū jasōþa;
  He did not say to me how he made a dwelling, nor where.
  

• wā temle jatatēn ien ē jaliþa ñi sāen rū xō rā jatōna nō rā jasāma aþ ñi māniþa marō rū jatōna rā jasāma jaλāon mē;
  He did not tell me the reason that he went one day from there along the road to the desert and became lost and alone from the road into the wide desert.
  

• te janaren ja temle ien illaniþ tema ien ñi sāen marō tō te jāo ewaþ tema jawōla to jaþīña illaniþ tema ien ñi sāen marō il tema jekīþa ien ē rēha la jalōna wījte jē nā rū xō rā annāmmi hi ñamma jatōna japōññe;
  All he said to me: when first he perceived he was lost, because that it was even though he doubted his path, when first he perceived he was lost, he was certain that there were only three days from there to fresh water, if he found the road.
  

• temle ien pa jatōna anhēkēl nā;
  He said to me: the road was well made.
  

• temle ien ē tere jamārwakie mo rirōña hi alxien ñi riēn rā xō;
  He said to me: it was a surprising sight if you came to it suddenly.
  

• temle ien te anāxkīñi anjūti nīkan jakīþīñi jakepōli jē sōta ñe anwūlīñi ñe ōrra ñi jakōni jatāri nā rā xō rū jasōþa ōl pēxa ānen anþīmme;
  He told me there was baked ground with scattered little rocks instead of sand, as if were much gravel thrown to there from a place far above.
  

• ē ñi sapāla luhañen aþ temme jakekōrja ke mēla matūttōnte sū mīþi hāl ien ē se jawēra sarāpa mo jamāonre þō ī ōrra ñi makerāon manōña il jahōλen ī hēja ñatta sāen makerāon āl cī ī hēja ñi sāen rā jamāonre mē cī aþ ilwae ñi sāen manōña rēha;
  Still he was weeping, and one with authority, in front of the rest, explained to him that this city was named sarāpa and that the king had been dead a long time and now they would make him the king and that he should come into the city and then never would he die.
  

• ē ñi sāim rū sāen āñ aþ tetme ien āl ñi jakāenala jāllōhen sū jamāonre jaþāwa jīþa;
  And they gathered around him and told him that his ceremony feast was now being made in another part of the city.
  

• ñi sāen rā jatarūna jawēha jēwāri anhāri tō tema jakīña ien ñi jahēŋŋūn jakewōra jē sōta ñe ñi sāen rā jāllōhen;
  He went to the waters of the mirage lakes, for he wished to quench his thirst rather than go to the feast.
  

• ē tetme ien la jāllōhen jatēwa pa anwīþþēñi rū anekiēni ja la sū anmārwi kiē rū anlāñūi rā malō nō nā ē tetme ien la anwīþþēñi pa anālhūñīki anwetēli;
  They told him that at the feast table there were wines from lands that are beyond the known world from valleys nearer to the sun, and they told him there were wines with unknown perfumes.
  

• ē ñi marōāñēl rā sāen ē temme jatēmmēr ien ñarra jahēña tō jatarūna jawēha anhāri wē;
  She came to him and called to him Do not drink the mirage water.
  

• temme jahāhhe ien sele jahēŋŋūn mo lekōλa;
  He sighed, I am thirsty.
  

• temme ke marōāñēl ien rēha ñarra jahēña tō anwīþþēñi anmārwakiji il jāllōhen cī;
  And the oracle told him he would drink wondrous wines at the feast.
  

• ē ñamma sāen sanōma jaþāla ā marōāñēl sakū aþ temme ien la ē anmārwakiji sū jamāonre kiē ī jacūteni jalōi;
  The oracle took hold of his wrist with her hand and told him of the wonders there were across the city and shining cups.
  

• tetme jatēmmēri ñe anexīmi ke sarāpa mēli manaren ien ñi anwīþþēñi tō ankērrāoni il jānnaxili sū jamārwi jalōi jīþi rā malō nō nā;
  They called to him like music, all the people of Sarāpa, telling him of wines made from magic during the evenings on other shining worlds nearer to the sun.
  

• temme ke marōāñēl ien ñarra jahēña janahan tō jatarūna jawēha anhāri wē;
  Do not drink any of the mirage water, said the oracle.
  

• temme ansōri ien ñi rūjapēxa cī;
  She said the words to her: 'Go away!'
  

• ē ñalla jakīþa jatēnnā rā lekū mē ōl aþ telme ien la riēn makīþa matēnnā kēñ;
  I moved the talking rock up into my hand, and said to him, "Are you a talking rock?"
  

• temle ke makīþa matēnnā ien jalā la liēn makīþa matēnnā;
  The talking rock said to me: "Yes I am a talking rock."
  

• telme jakēña mo makīþa matēnnā ien tō wā terle jasōra xiēn jē jaþīña tōkēñ;
  I asked the talking rock, "Why didn't you say something about the path?"
  

• temle jerrasōr ien tō la liēn makīþa matēnnā mapēnne lā;
  He replied to me: "Because I am a mean talking rock!"
  

• temme ien la rixōλa ñe jajāra;
  He said to her: your beauty is like a dance.
  

• ē tema jāo mo macēna sasāra ī temme jamārienni ien la lerōña ñe mamōra mīña kēñ;
  The woman heard this and she laughed at him: My eyes are like small moons?
  

• temme ke λi tānre ien pa liēn ancē ja selre ien jasōra wījtē ja la riwēra;
  Tānre said to her: I have the ability to tell you the three words of your name.
  

• temme ke macēna ien serle jāo kā;
  The woman said: Tell it to me!
  

• temme ien pa ē matēnnīkōnēri ē matēnnīkōnēle ī le ancē ja sere jāo;
  He said to her: Your marriage partner and my marriage partner and me, too, have the ability to tell it to you.
  

• ñamma jōrre ewaþ luhañen temme ke λi tānre ien sere jatañēn ien jāo kēñ;
  She stopped but Tānre continued to say to her: you like this?
  

• semme ke mawēsa ien ñi macāppacāe maλāta kēñ; ñi riēn rā þō lelōmme cī;
  Uncle says to him: cāppacāe is killed? You come here to my arms.
  

• samma ke mamārienne mānte ien hāle hāleie ñi jamārwakie jalōna þō;
  Joyful and laughing he says hāle hāleie this is a wondrous day.
  

• ī se to anālhāri ien pa jatāna anrēŋŋe nāpie;
  And the sea says the river is too wet.
  

• semme ke makīþa mōna to makīþa mīña ien sele jakēnnā to ja la sū jalāe īr jakēñ;
  The big rock said to the little rock, "I am curious what is behind the mountain.
  

• semme jerrasōr ke mīña ien wā senne jekīþa ilwae;
  The little one replied, "We will never know from experience."
  

• semete ke mārjanen jē mētūmi to makīþa ēnne ien la riēnne sū þō ānen anñinēka antēpa kēñ;
  The Grandmother of the ētūma said to the two rocks, "You two are here with a lack of anticipation of the future?"
  

• semme jerrasōr ke mīña ien senne jatēpa to wā senne jekīþa ilwae ien la sū jalāe īr;
  The little one replied, "We are lacking from never knowing from experience what is behind the mountain."
  

• semete ke mārjanen jē mētūmi ien wā serne jatēpa to jāo;
  The Grandmother of the ētūma said, "Do not be lacking because of this.
  

• semete ien sele ē jamēþi jatāri wīor mo lerōña ē jōna jajīra jaλānne nīkan anhēīñi ē jarēña jaλāona jalūnte;
  She said to them, "I saw four fallen trees and a big valley full of hēīñ and a wide, shining river."
  

• samma ke makīþa mōna ien sele jatēpa nā to wā ñi liēn rā jalāe īr;
  The big rock said, "I am so lacking from not having gone behind the mountain."
  

• samma ke makīþa mīña ien wā sele jekīþa ilwae; sele jatēpa ŋō;
  The little rock said, "I will never know from experience. I am so very much lacking."
  

• semete ien sele ē jasūpperi ŋō mo lerōña ē jamāēþi jakūrji sū jarēña jahāwa ē jūskemāni jahēhūñi nā;
  She said to them, "I saw very many sūppera and thorny bushes on the river's edge and many delicious ūskemāna."
  

• samma ke makīþa mōna ien sele jatēpa wā to wā ñi liēn rā jalāe īr;
  The big rock said, "I am not lacking from not having gone behind the mountain."
  

• samma ke makīþa mīña ien sele jālne; sele jatēla āl;
  The little rock said, "I am happy. I am educated now."
  

• semme ke mārja ien ñi rimēλa rā liēn nō kā;
  The ārja said to her, "Young one, come here to me.
  

• semme jerrasōr ke macēna ien λi mārjahēna ñi liēn rā þō tō tūaþ ñi anānīke jē jērān ja la sū anālhāri nū tō sema antēleni;
  The woman answered, "O ārja, I've come here in order to join the guild that is by the sea, to learn."
  

• semme jerrasōr ke mārja ien la jawasōnen alxien lā;
  The ārja answered, "What a surprisingly ignorant thing!
  

• semme ke mapāra ien ñarra jañānen jē mārja kēñ;
  The aunt said, "Did you meet with the ārja?"
  

• semme jerrasōr ien λi mapāra jalā ñarna jañānen;
  She replied, "O aunt, yes we met.
  

• samma ke mawēsa ien jawā;
  The uncle said, "No,
  

• semme ke mapāra ien wa jāo pa anehē;
  The aunt said, "That is not true.
  

• semete ke macēna ien ñalla jañānen jaliþa jē mārja tēna makēñ;
  The woman said, "I met today with which ārja?"
  

• • Stems for this form:
  • •     -ien-